Health

Nonalcoholic Fatty liver Disease: – Symptoms, Treatment 

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Nonalcoholic Fatty liver Disease: – Symptoms, Treatment 

 

 

 

Nonalcoholic fatty liver Disease

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition in which there is an excessive accumulation of fat in the liver, without any significant alcohol consumption. It is a common condition and is estimated to affect up to 30% of adults in the United States.

NAFLD can range from simple fatty liver (steatosis), which usually does not cause any symptoms, to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is a more serious form of the disease that can lead to liver damage and inflammation. NASH can progress to cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer in some cases.

 

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease symptoms

  1. Fatigue and weakness: As the liver becomes inflamed and damaged, it may not function properly, leading to fatigue and weakness.
  2. Abdominal discomfort: Some people with NAFLD may experience discomfort or pain in the upper right side of the abdomen.
  3. Enlarged liver: An enlarged liver (hepatomegaly) may be detected during a physical exam or imaging study.
  4. Jaundice: In rare cases, NAFLD can lead to jaundice, a yellowing of the skin and eyes due to impaired liver function.
  5. Spider veins: The presence of spider veins on the skin (telangiectasia) may be a sign of advanced liver disease.
  6. Fluid accumulation: In severe cases of NAFLD, fluid may accumulate in the abdomen (ascites) or legs (edema).

 

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease treatment

The treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) depends on the severity of the disease and the presence of any associated complications such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) or liver fibrosis. The main goals of treatment are to reduce liver fat, inflammation, and prevent progression to advanced liver disease.

  1. Lifestyle changes: The first-line treatment for NAFLD involves lifestyle modifications such as weight loss, regular exercise, and a healthy diet. Losing as little as 3-5% of body weight can improve liver fat and inflammation in people with NAFLD. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein, and low in saturated fats, added sugars, and processed foods is recommended.
  2. Medications: Certain medications may be used to treat associated conditions such as insulin resistance, diabetes, high cholesterol, and triglycerides. Vitamin E supplements may also be used in certain cases to improve liver inflammation.
  3. Management of complications: If NASH or liver fibrosis is present, treatment may focus on preventing further damage and reducing the risk of complications such as cirrhosis and liver cancer. Regular monitoring of liver function, imaging tests, and screening for liver cancer may be necessary.
  4. Liver transplant: In severe cases of NAFLD with advanced liver disease, liver transplantation may be required.

Basal cell carcinoma: – Type, Symptoms, Treatment

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Basal cell carcinoma: – Type, Symptoms, Treatment

 

What is Basal cell carcinoma?  

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a type of skin cancer that arises from basal cells, which are cells in the outermost layer of the skin. BCC is the most common form of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of all cases.

BCC usually develops in areas of the skin that have been exposed to the sun, such as the face, scalp, ears, neck, and shoulders. It typically appears as a small, shiny bump or nodule on the skin that may be pink, red, or white in color. In some cases, it may be brown or black, and may have visible blood vessels or a central depression.

 

 

BCC grows very slowly and rarely spreads to other parts of the your body. However, if left untreated, it can invade nearby tissues and structures, causing damage and disfigurement. Therefore, early detection and treatment are important for a successful outcome.

 

types of basal cell carcinoma

  1. Nodular basal cell carcinoma: This is the most common type of BCC, and appears as a shiny, raised bump on the skin that may have visible blood vessels.
  2. Superficial basal cell carcinoma: This type of BCC appears as a scaly, red patch on the skin that may resemble eczema or a rash.
  3. Pigmented basal cell carcinoma: This type of BCC is brown or black in color and may resemble a mole.
  4. Infiltrative basal cell carcinoma: This type of BCC is more aggressive than other types, and grows deeper into the skin, making it more difficult to remove.
  5. Morpheaform basal cell carcinoma: This type of BCC is rare, and appears as a white, waxy scar-like lesion that may be difficult to detect.

 

basal cell carcinoma treatment

  1. Surgical removal: This is the most common treatment for BCC, and involves surgically removing the cancerous tissue. The surgical method used may vary depending on the size and location of the BCC, and may include excision, curettage and electrodessication, or Mohs surgery.
  2. Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy may be used as an alternative to surgery in some cases, particularly for elderly patients or those with medical conditions that make surgery a high risk. It may also be used in combination with surgery or topical treatments.
  3. Topical medications: Certain topical medications, such as imiquimod or 5-fluorouracil, may be used to treat small, superficial BCCs or as a follow-up treatment after surgery.
  4. Cryotherapy: Cryotherapy involves freezing the cancerous tissue with liquid nitrogen, and may be used for small, superficial BCCs.
  5. Photodynamic therapy: This involves applying a topical medication that makes the BCC cells more sensitive to light, followed by exposure to a special light source to destroy the cancerous cells.

 

basal cell carcinoma symptoms

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) typically appears as a shiny, raised bump or nodule on the skin that may have visible blood vessels. However, the appearance of BCC can vary depending on the type and location of the cancer. Other symptoms and signs of BCC may include:

  1. A flat, scaly, red patch on the skin, which may be mistaken for a rash or eczema.
  2. A white, waxy scar-like lesion that may be difficult to detect.
  3. A pink, pearly or flesh-colored, dome-shaped growth with a central crater or ulcer.
  4. A brown or black lesion that may resemble a mole.
  5. Bleeding or oozing from the affected area, which may scab over and then recur.
  6. Itching, tenderness, or pain in the affected area.

 

Colon Polyps: – Types, Symptoms, Treatment

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Colon Polyps: – Types, Symptoms, Treatment 

 

what is colon polyps?

Colon polyps are developments that happen on the coating of the colon (internal organ). These developments might be little or huge, and can be either harmless (non-carcinogenic) or threatening (destructive).

 

 

Colon polyps can foster in anybody, yet the gamble increments with age, and individuals with a family background of colon malignant growth or fiery gut illness are at higher gamble. Much of the time, colon polyps cause no side effects, which is the reason standard screening tests, like colonoscopy, are significant for early discovery and treatment.

Assuming left untreated, some colon polyps can form into colon disease over the long haul. Thusly, it’s vital to have normal colonoscopies to screen for the presence of polyps and eliminate them if essential.

 

Symptoms of Colon Polyps

  1. Rectal dying: This might be apparent as blood in the stool or on the bathroom tissue subsequent to cleaning.
  2. Changes in entrail propensities: This might incorporate looseness of the bowels, obstruction, or an adjustment of the consistency of the stool.
  3. Stomach agony or uneasiness: This might happen in the lower mid-region, and might be joined by squeezing or bulging.
  4. Iron deficiency: This might happen in the event that the polyps drain gradually after some time, prompting a low red platelet count.

 

Types of colon polyps

  1. Adenomatous polyps: These are the most widely recognized kind of colon polyps, representing around 66% of all polyps. Adenomatous polyps can become carcinogenic whenever left untreated.
  2. Hyperplastic polyps: These are generally little and seldom form into malignant growth.
  3. Serrated polyps: These are a more uncommon kind of polyp, and some subtypes can build the gamble of colon malignant growth.
  4. Fiery polyps: These polyps are related with provocative gut infection and may become carcinogenic whenever left untreated.

 

Colon Polyps Treatment

The therapy for colon polyps relies upon a few variables, including the size, number, type, and area of the polyps, as well as the singular’s clinical history and by and large wellbeing. Treatment choices might include:

  1. Polypectomy: This is a typical treatment for most sorts of colon polyps, where the polyp is taken out during a colonoscopy. The specialist will utilize a little wire circle or catch to cut the polyp from the coating of the colon. On the off chance that the polyp is huge or challenging to eliminate, medical procedure might be fundamental.
  2. Observation: On the off chance that the polyp is little and harmless, the specialist might prescribe reconnaissance with successive colonoscopies to screen for any new polyps.
  3. Medical procedure: On the off chance that the polyp is enormous, situated in a challenging to-arrive at region of the colon, or on the other hand assuming that disease is thought, the specialist might prescribe a medical procedure to eliminate a piece of the colon.
  4. Prescriptions: at times, meds might be recommended to diminish the gamble of growing new polyps.

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